Evaluating Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women Towards Antenatal Care Services in Primary Healthcare Centre, Sauka Abuja, Nigeria

Abstract

This study assessed the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women toward antenatal care (ANC) services at the Primary Healthcare Centre, Sauka, Abuja, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design and targeted pregnant women attending ANC services at the facility. A total of 487 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 456 were retrieved and analyzed, representing a response rate of 93.6%. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The findings revealed that respondents demonstrated moderate to high levels of knowledge regarding antenatal care services, including awareness of early booking, available services, and pregnancy-related risks. However, some gaps were identified in knowledge of the recommended number of visits and specific complications. The study also found that respondents generally exhibited positive attitudes toward ANC services, with many acknowledging the benefits of regular attendance and expressing trust in healthcare providers. Despite this, a proportion of respondents reported dissatisfaction with aspects of care, particularly in relation to comfort and respect during clinic visits. Furthermore, the study identified key factors influencing knowledge and attitude, including family support, cultural beliefs, financial constraints, and accessibility challenges. Family encouragement positively influenced ANC utilization, while economic and structural barriers limited consistent attendance. A positive relationship was established between knowledge and attitude, indicating that increased awareness was associated with more favorable perceptions and willingness to utilize services. The study concluded that while knowledge and attitudes toward antenatal care were generally positive, gaps and barriers still existed that could hinder optimal utilization. It was recommended that healthcare providers strengthen health education, improve service delivery, and address socio-economic barriers to enhance maternal health outcomes.